In the increasingly digital world, the demand for faster, more efficient and miniaturized optical devices is ever-growing.
Differences in the surface negative charge between EXOs and PM-EVs manifest as variations in target cell specificity and pharmacokinetics. Therefore, zeta potential measurement can serve as one of the ...
In the nervous system, the intracellular chloride concentration ([Cl −] i) determines the strength and polarity of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated neurotransmission. [Cl −] i is determined, in ...