In both the natural world and human society, there commonly exist complex systems, such as climate systems, ecological systems, and network systems. Due to the involvement of numerous interacting ...

Scattering in media has unique inherent randomness. Fiber Rayleigh scattering is one of the typical scattering effects. The exploration and understanding of the characteristics of fiber Rayleigh ...

The striking red sunsets that have recently captivated Malaysians on social media are a natural atmospheric phenomenon ...

Most of us have heard the weather proverb “red skies at night, sailors delight; red skies at morning, sailors take warning.” I certainly enjoy watching a beautiful red sunset, but for those of us in ...

Astrophysicists have developed a new method for calculating the effect of Rayleigh scattering on photons, potentially allowing researchers to better understand the formation of the Universe.

Topological insulators (TIs) exhibit many exotic properties. In particular, a topological magneto-electric (TME) effect, quantized in units of the fine structure constant, exists in TIs. Here, we ...

Optical fibers are hair-like threads of glass used to guide light. Fibers of exceptional purity have proved an excellent way of sending information over long distances and are the foundation of modern ...

Detecting gas molecules through light scattering is fundamentally limited by weak signals and environmental noise. To address this, researchers ...

Electrical contacts on the top surface of solar cells and light emitting diodes cause shadow losses. The phenomenon of extraordinary optical transmission through arrays of subwavelength holes suggests ...