Probabilistic linguistic approaches address the inherent uncertainty and hesitation in group decision making by combining linguistic evaluations with probability information. Unlike traditional fuzzy ...

Hesitant fuzzy linguistic group decision-making techniques address situations in which experts or stakeholders hesitate among several linguistic expressions—such as “low,” “medium” or “high”—to ...

For the past decade, one of the most linguistically diverse places in the world, square mile after square mile, has been my home: Queens, New York. The soundtrack outside my door is extraordinary: On ...

Among the language minority groups protected under the Voting Rights Act, you won't find voters like Shaima Mohammed. In 1975, Congress expanded that landmark civil rights law to try to get rid of ...

International Mother Language Day, celebrated each year on 21 February, is an opportunity to highlight the instrumental role of the languages we inherited in early childhood, whether we call them ...

Language access ensures all voters can participate in democracy regardless of their primary language. In this resource, we share what you need to know about federal voting requirements, state and ...

Nearly four out of every ten non-English language speakers are classified as limited English proficient (LEP),1 which is equal to roughly 26 million people, or 7.6% of the U.S. population. The rates ...

This map shows the rich diversity of Native American ethnic and language groups in California at the time of first contacts with Europeans in the 1700s and 1800s. The Native Americans settled ...