Since the earliest versions of indoor LED light bulbs were developed, their designers have faced a variety of technical challenges. These include AC-to-DC power conversion, thermal design/heat-sinking ...

To measure a zener diode’s breakdown voltage, you need a dc voltage source whose voltage exceeds that of the zener voltage. In Figure 1, resistor R SER provides voltage drop between V IN and V ZEN. In ...

Fig 1. This voltage regulator circuit (a) uses green LEDs as both the stabilization elements and as the voltage indicators at the front-panel switch (b). Fig 2. The addition of resistor R4 to the ...

True to the history of other types of semiconductor products, LEDs offer better performance at a lower cost with every passing year. So much so, in fact, that the other elements of a conventional LED ...

This video explains the function of diodes and how they are used to control the flow of electrical current in electronic circuits. Diodes are essential components that allow current to move in only ...

High-brightness LEDs (HBLEDs) are making inroads into more traditional lighting applications that include a dc distribution system (for example, 24-V MR-16 track lights). HBLEDs are more efficient, ...