Scientists have measured the activation energy and kinetic factors of calcium carbonate's nucleation. Calcium carbonate is found nearly everywhere, in sidewalk cement, wall paint, antacid tablets and ...

Birth is a tough process, particularly for crystals. Before a crystalline structure forms, atoms or molecules mingle in a solution, making and breaking attachments. After enough particles gather in a ...

Calcium carbonate is found nearly everywhere, in sidewalk cement, wall paint, antacid tablets and deep underground. Engineers at Washington University in St. Louis have used a unique set of ...